Efficiency Ratio: Definition, Formula, and Example (2024)

What is an Efficiency Ratio?

The efficiency ratio is typically used to analyze how well a company uses its assets and liabilities internally. An efficiency ratio can calculate the turnover of receivables, the repayment of liabilities, the quantity and usage of equity, and the general use of inventory and machinery. This ratio can also be used to track and analyze the performance of commercial and investment banks.

What Does an Efficiency Ratio Tell You?

Efficiency ratios,alsoknown as activity ratios,are used by analysts tomeasure the performance of a company's short-term or current performance. All these ratios use numbers in a company's current assets or current liabilities, quantifying the operations of the business.

An efficiency ratio measures a company's ability to use its assets to generate income. For example, an efficiency ratio often looks at various aspects of the company, such as the time it takes to collect cash from customers or the amount of time it takes to convert inventory to cash. This makes efficiency ratios important, because an improvement in the efficiency ratios usually translates to improved profitability.

These ratios can be compared with peers in the same industry and can identify businesses that are better managed relative to the others. Some common efficiency ratios are accounts receivable turnover, fixed asset turnover, sales to inventory, sales to net working capital, accounts payable to sales and stock turnover ratio.

Efficiency Ratios for Banks

In the banking industry, an efficiency ratio has a specific meaning. For banks, the efficiency ratio is non-interest expenses/revenue. This shows how well the bank's managers control their overhead (or "back office") expenses. Like the efficiency ratios above, this allows analysts to assess the performance of commercial and investment banks.

The EfficiencyRatio for Banks Is:

EfficiencyRatio=ExpensesRevenuenotincludinginterest\begin{aligned} &\text{Efficiency Ratio} = \frac{\text{Expenses}^{\dagger}}{\text{Revenue}} \\ &\dagger \text{not including interest}\\ \end{aligned}EfficiencyRatio=RevenueExpensesnotincludinginterest

Since a bank's operating expenses are in the numerator and its revenue is in the denominator, a lower efficiency ratio means that a bank is operating better.

An efficiency ratio of 50% or under is considered optimal. If the efficiency ratio increases, it means a bank's expenses are increasing or its revenues are decreasing.

For example, Bank X reportedquarterly earnings and it had anefficiency ratio of 57.1%, which was lower than the 63.2% ratio it reported for the same quarter last year. This means the company's operations became more efficient, increasingits assets by $80 million for the quarter.

Efficiency Ratio: Definition, Formula, and Example (2024)

FAQs

What is an example of an efficiency ratio? ›

For example, Bank X reported quarterly earnings and it had an efficiency ratio of 57.1%, which was lower than the 63.2% ratio it reported for the same quarter last year. This means the company's operations became more efficient, increasing its assets by $80 million for the quarter.

What is the efficiency ratio formula? ›

The Efficiency ratio is calculated by dividing current liabilities & current assets by total assets. Efficiency ratios measure the efficiency of a firm's operation, which can be used to analyze how well a company uses its assets to generate revenue.

How is efficiency ratio expressed? ›

An institution's efficiency ratio, expressed as a percentage, is the result of the ratio between operating expenses and the gross margin. For example, if the efficiency ratio is 60% it means that to earn 100 euro, an institution needs to spend 60. Therefore, the lower the percentage, the more efficient the institution.

What is the formula for capital efficiency ratio? ›

Formula: ROCE = EBIT / Capital Employed

For instance, if a company has an EBIT of $200,000 and capital employed of $1,000,000, its ROCE is 0.2 or 20%. This means it's returning 20% of its value as profit to stakeholders within a specific period.

What is efficiency ratio (%)? ›

Formula. If expenses are $60 and revenue is $80 (perhaps net of interest revenue/expense) the efficiency ratio is 0.75 or 75% (60/80) – meaning that $0.75 are spent for every dollar earned in revenue.

What is an example of a ratio? ›

A ratio is an ordered pair of numbers a and b, written a / b where b does not equal 0. A proportion is an equation in which two ratios are set equal to each other. For example, if there is 1 boy and 3 girls you could write the ratio as: 1 : 3 (for every one boy there are 3 girls)

What is the result of the efficiency ratio? ›

This ratio measures how well a company uses its assets to make sales. A higher value is typically desirable because it indicates that a company is efficient in generating more sales. If a company has a low asset turnover ratio, you can review its production capacity and improve its inventory management strategies.

How to improve efficiency ratio? ›

You can improve your efficiency ratio in one of two ways: becoming more productive or becoming more efficient. If you focus on productivity, then you'd take steps to increase the amount of revenue that comes in for the same amount of labor.

What is the formula for efficiency report? ›

What is the formula for calculating efficiency? Efficiency can be calculated using the formula η = (Work output / Work input) x 100% or η = (Energy output / Energy input) x 100%.

What are the three types of efficiency ratios? ›

Efficiency ratios include the inventory turnover ratio, asset turnover ratio, and receivables turnover ratio. These ratios measure how efficiently a company uses its assets to generate revenues and its ability to manage those assets.

What are the four types of efficiency ratios? ›

Types of Efficiency Ratios
  • Efficiency Ratio. A basic efficiency ratio tracks a company's expenses compared with its revenue. ...
  • Accounts Receivable Turnover Ratio. ...
  • Accounts Payable Turnover Ratio. ...
  • Inventory Turnover Ratio. ...
  • Asset Turnover Ratio. ...
  • Total Assets to Sales. ...
  • Working Capital Ratio.
Oct 20, 2022

What is an example of a bank's efficiency ratio? ›

On the other hand, Bank B has an efficiency ratio of 62%, indicating that Bank A manages its expenses more efficiently than Bank B. In other words, for every rupee of revenue generated, Bank A spends 55 paise on operating expenses, while Bank B spends 62 paise.

What is an example of efficiency worked? ›

For example, if 100 kJ of heat is supplied to a heat engine, and the heat engine produces 55 kJ of work, then the efficiency of the engine is 55%.

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